To my knowledge there is no way you can tell if 10 minutes have passed for your color text, unless you type a message in color and it stops you. However, this message still goes through. My thoughts either a) block the message from going through if you cannot use the color text at that time b) Give us a way to figure out how much time is left.
I'm not a patron, but perhaps they could make it like nickname where if you try to make a message within the 10 minute cooldown it blocks the message and simply tells you how much time is left?